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Abstract
Water is one of the main elements of the environment which determine the existence of life on the earth, affect the climate and limit the development of civilization. Water quality is critical for environmental sustainability, especially in river ecosystems. Pollution from agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, and domestic sewage severely affects aquatic health. Proper assessment of the degree of water quality is the basis for conservation and rational utilization of water resources. Water quality in river, lakes and dams is undergoing continuous degradation caused by natural processes resulting from eutrophication and due to anthropogenic reasons. One of the tools that are used to solve problems of river water pollution is the mathematical modelling. Mathematical models help predict pollutant behavior and guide water quality management. This research presents a novel mathematical model for simulating the quality of river water in terms of pollutant concentration. We formulate a one-dimensional advection diffusion-reaction equation, incorporating source terms and decay, to describe pollutant transport along a river. The model is intended for theoretical understanding and can be applied where data is limited. Results demonstrate how different parameters affect pollutant distribution.
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